Ukuphela kwesiphene sehlabathi jikelele, ishishini lentengiso elitsha liye laqulunqa ngokukhawuleza, kwangaxeshanye, umgaqo-nkqubo wezondlobongo womelezwe, kwaye izinga lokungena lemigangatho emitsha lelo luye lonyukayo, kwaye iilori zothutho lwehlabathi ziye zanda. Umzi-mveliso weziseko zophuhliso lwehlabathi uzinzile, imfuno yothutho kwezinto zohlaza zobunjineli ngamanye amaxesha ziphakama kwaye ngamanye amaxesha ziye zawa, kunye neklasi yobunjineli bobunjineli behlabathi jikelele.
Okokuqala, ukuhanjiswa kwezinto ezingasasebenziyo kwanele, kwaye amathemba ophuhliso lweshishini leloli abanzi
Iilori, ezikwabizwa ngokuba ziilori, zihlala zibizwa ngokuba ziilori, ezisetyenziselwa ukuthutha iimpahla, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha zibhekisa kwiimoto ezinokutsala ezinye izithuthi, ezikwinqanaba lezithuthi ezorhwebo. Iilori zinokwahlulwa zibe ziziincinci, ukukhanya, eziphakathi, ezinzima kunye neelori ezinzima ngokweetoni zazo, zezologoso zelori, iilori ezixineneyo zezona ntlobo zimbini ziphambili zelori. Ngo-1956, i-China yokuqala ye-AutoMonjile eChacchun, i-jiliyon, yavelisa ilori yokuqala yaseNew China - i-jaifang ca10, eyayikuloo shishini lokuqala kwishishini le-China. Okwangoku, inkqubo yemveliso yase China idla ngokuqola, ubume bemveliso bukhawulezisa, iimoto zaseTshayina zaqala ukungena kwimakethi yamazwe aphesheya, kwaye ishishini lezemoto laba lelinye lawona manyathelo oqoqosho lwe-China loqoqosho lwaseTshayina.
Ishishini eliphezulu lelori zizixhobo eziluhlaza kunye nezixhobo ezingumbane ezifunekayo ekuveliseni iilori, kubandakanya intsimbi, irabha, i-injini kunye namanye amalungu ayimfuneko ekusebenzeni kweelori. Umthamo weloli womelele, iimfuno ze-injini zenjini zise-injini ye-injini ye-petroli, zinokudibana neelori zedizili, kodwa zinokuhlangabezana neelori zamandla, kodwa zisebenzisa irhasi yepetroli, igesi yepetroleum okanye irhasi yepetroleum okanye irhasi yepetroleum okanye igesi yepetroli. Iindawo eziphakathi zelori zigqibelele abavelisi bezithuthi, kwaye abavelisi base China abazimeleyo bandakanya i-China yokuqala ye-Automobile, i-chinarraam yemveliso yemoto, i-shacman inzima yokuthuthwa kwemoto, ukuhambisa amalahle, ukuhambisa izinto zokuhamba kwempahla.
Umthamo weloli umkhulu, inkqubo yemveliso inzima, kwaye izinto zayo eziphambili zentsimbi kunye nezinye izinto ezisemgangathweni ezinobunzima, ukumelana nobushushu obuphezulu kunye nokwakha iimveliso zelori kunye nokusebenza kakuhle. Ngokukhula okuqhubekayo koqoqosho lwe-macro, ukuvelisa kuka-China, ukwakhiwa kunye namanye amashishini aqhubeka nokwandisa, ukukhuthaza ukwanda ngokukhawuleza komthamo wemveliso yentsimbi, kwaye ube ngumveliso we-jikelele kunye nemveliso yentengiso yehlabathi. Ngo-2021-2022, echaphazelekile ", uqoqosho olutsha lwe-coronavirus", uqoqosho oluphezulu lwe-China luye lwaqalisa ukulayishwa, kwaye ishishini lokuthengisa liye lanyibilika yimarike, kwaye ukunqongophala kwempumelelo kukhanyisiwe. Ngo-2022, imveliso yentsimbi yaseTshayina yayiyi-1.34 yezigidigidi, ukunyuka kwe-0.27%, kunye nexabiso lokukhula linqabile. Ngowama-2023, ukwenzela ukukhuthaza ukukhula koqoqosho kunye nokuphucula imeko yoMzi-mveliso, urhulumente ubonelela ngenani lemigaqo-nkqubo yenkxaso-mali yokuqinisekisa ukusebenza kwezinto ezisisiseko kumashishini akwi-2023, i-China ye-China yayiyi-1,1% ye-6.1%. Ukuveliswa kwezinto ezingafunekiyo ukubuyisela ukukhula, ukubonelela ngemakethi kunye nemfuno edla ngokulinganisa, ixabiso elipheleleyo lemveliso liye lalawulwa ngokufanelekileyo, ukuphucula imali yelori, kutsala utyalomali lweshishini, lwandisa isabelo sentengiso semveliso.
Xa kuthelekiswa neemoto eziqhelekileyo, iilori zisebenzisa amandla ngakumbi kwaye zivelise amandla amaninzi kwi-Diesel Cross, enceda ekunciphiseni ukusetyenziswa kwamandla ngexesha lokusebenza kwelori. Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, echaphazelekayo yimeko yelizwe jikelele, amanye amazwe aneminyaka emininzi yamandla, amaxabiso e-oyile aphesheya akhule ngokukhawuleza, kwaye ishishini le-China le-China liye laqhubeka nokunyuka, ukuxhomekeka kweMarike yeDiesel, kunye nokuxhomekeka kweMarike yeDiesel. Ukwenzela ukunciphisa ukungalingani phakathi kwe-dieliseli kunye nemfuno, i-China ihambile imizamo yokunyusa izixhobo ze-oyile kunye negesi kunye nemveliso kwaye yonyusa i-dieliser. Ngo-2022, imveliso yediweli yaseTshayina iya kufikelela kwiitoni ezizigidi ezili-191, ukunyuka kwe-17.9%. Ngokwekota yesithathu yama-2023, imveliso yedizili yaseTshayina yayiziitoni ezili-162 ze-20,8% kwixesha elifanayo le-2022, imveliso yokukhula isondele, kungakwazi ukufezekisa imfuno yentengiso. I-dielis's Dieselis ihamba iphezulu. Ukwenzela ukuphumeza iimfuno zophuhliso oluzinzileyo lwelizwe, ioli ye-Dieselise itshintshe ngokuthe ngcembe kumandla ahlaziyiweyo anjenge-biodiesel kwaye ayoyindisa isabelo sayo sentengiso. Kwangelo xesha, iilori ze-China ziye zangena ngokuthe ngcembe intsimi yamandla amatsha, kwaye kuqala wafumana i-roult yombane ococekileyo okanye ipetrol-yombane onzima kwintengiso ukuze ifezekise iimfuno zemakethi yexesha elizayo.
Iqondo lokukhula kophuhliso lwamashishini linciphise, kwaye amandla amatsha ngokuthe ngcembe wangena ngokuthe ngcembe ishishini
Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, i-China iye yakhuthaza ukufudukela kwabantu ezidolophini, ukuvela kwe-E-Commerce ye-E Imakethi yezorhwebo iyaqhubeka nokuvutha, ukukhula kwemfuno yamandla kuyabonakala, kwaye uphuhliso lweshishini lokungena kunye nezothutho luqhuba ngamacandelo ophuhliso lwelori, kwaye kwi-2020, i-China ye-China, ukunyuka kwe-20%. Ngo-2022, ubukhulu botyalo-mali bee-asethi ezisisigxina buthathaka, imakethi yabathengi yasekhaya ibuthathaka, kwaye imigangatho yemoto yesizwe ihlaziyiwe, ikhokelela ekwenzeni isantya sendlela ye-China ye-China kunye nokwehla kwimfuno yelori yelori. Ukongeza, ichaphazelekayo ngokunyuka kwamaxabiso ehlabathi, ixabiso lezinto ezingafunekiyo kwimveliso yemveliso ziyaqhubeka nokunyuka, ukunqongophala kwezinto ze-chips ezizimeleyo ziyaqhubeka, iimarike zentengiso, kunye nophuhliso lwentengiso yelori. Ngo-2022, ukuveliswa kwelori yaseChina yayizizigidi ezili-2,453 ezizigidi, ezantsi kwi-33.1% unyaka ngonyaka. Ukuphela kwengubo yendawo yesizwe, ishishini lentengiso elitsha liye laqulunqa ngokukhawuleza, kwangaxeshanye, umgaqo-nkqubo wezondlobongo womelezwe, izinga lokungena lwezinto ezisemgangathweni zisanda, kwaye iilori ze-China ze-China ziye zanda. Nangona kunjalo, i-slump kwishishini leziseko zophuhliso kunye nokuhla kwemfuno yokuthuthwa kwezithuthi zobunjineli kunqongophele ukubuyisela kwakhona kunye nophuhliso lweelori ze-China ze-China. Ngokwekota yesithathu yama-2023, i-China yelori yelori yayiyi-2.453 yezigidi, i-14.3% ukusuka kwixesha elifanayo ngo-2022.
Uphuhliso olupheleleyo lweshishini lezemoto lukhuthaza ukukhula koqoqosho lwe-China, ngelixa kukhawulezisa ukonakala kwendalo eTshayina, kwaye umgangatho womoya kwiindawo eziphuhliswe zoqoqosho ziyaqhubeka, zisoyikisa impilo yabahlali. Ukwenzela ukufezekisa i-teemoning yomntu kunye nendalo, i-China iphumeze isicwangciso esiliqili se-carbon, sisebenzisa amandla ophuhliso lwe-ChoSbon, kwaye siphucule i-Carbon uqoqosho olusezantsi, kwaye siphumlisene uqoqosho olusezantsi, kwaye siyikhuphe itrayikhi ye-China endaweni yentengiso yemoto. Ngo-2022, i-China eNtsha yaseTshayina inyuke ngo-103% ngonyaka ukuya kunyaka-mali ukuya kwi-99,494; Ukususela ngoJanuwari ukuya ku-Epreli 2023, ngokutsho koMbutho we-Automobile Automobile Automobile, i-Town Gubs yeTrakhi yamandla e-china yayiyi-20,107, iilori zamandla amatsha kunye neelori ezinamandla akhula ngokukhawuleza. Ukunyuka kokuhamba kweedolophu kunye nokuthambisa uqoqosho luye lwandisa imfuno yamakhadi amancinci kunye neelori zokukhanya, kunye neelori ezincinci ezinamandla aphantsi kweelori zombane kunye nokukhuthaza itrayikhi yombane ye-Parneck Shock Trucks. Kwikota yesithathu yama-2023, ivolumu yokuthengisa yamandla amatsha e-China yayingama-26,226 iiyunithi, ukunyuka kwe-50.42%. Ngokuphuculwa kancinci kokusetyenziswa kwamandla amandla amatsha, "Ukwahlulahlula-hlula kwamandla" Ukutshintsha kwamandla kwimozulu iququzelela iindleko zokuthengisa, kwaye kukhuthaza ukuthengisa iilori zamandla amakhulu. Njengakwikota yesithathu yamandla angama-2023, eChina ama-China e-China enobunzima onyukayo angama-29.73% ngonyaka oneminyaka engama-20,127, kunye nomjelo weelori zamandla amatsha kancinci.
Ukuphuhliswa kwemarike yempahla kuyaqhubeka nokuphucula, kwaye ishishini leloli lihamba ngengqondo
Ngo-2023, uqoqosho oluthutho lukaChina luya kuqhubeka lululame, kunye nomzuzu ocacileyo wokuphuculwa kwikota yesithathu. Ukuhamba kwengingqi yengingqi abantu kugqithile kwinqanaba lexesha elinye ngaphambi kokuba ibhulene, umthamo wezakhiwo kunye notyalo mali lwezinto ezilungisiweyo zihlale ziphezulu, zibonelela ngenkxaso yezothutho yokuphucula uqoqosho lwaseTshayina. Ngokwekota yesithathu yama-2023, i-China yeChina yeChina yayiyi-40.283 yeetoni, ukunyuka kwe-7.1% yendlela efanayo ye-chinaway, indleko zendlela iphantsi, kwaye yeyona ndlela iphambili yokuthuthwa kwe-china. Kwikota ezintathu zokuqala ezingama-2023, i-China yeNdlela yeNdlela yayingama-29.744 eetoni, i-accounting ye-73.84% yethamo yezothutho iyonke, ukwanda kwe-7.4% ye-7.4%. Okwangoku, ukuphuculwa kwenkululeko yehlabathi ikwi-boom, isikali semakethi yezothutho esinqamlezileyo iyaqhubeka nokwandisa, kwangaxeshanye, i-China yeNdlela ye-China, iNgxowa-mali yeDijithali, imfuno yeelori yephondo iyaqhubeka ikhula.
Ukuvela kweTekhnoloji entsha kunye neziSeko eziNtsha ziyatshintsha imeko yemakethi yempahla, ngetekhnoloji yokuqhuba itekhnoloji, ukuphuculwa kwe-Instomomous yokuqhuba, ukuphucula iindleko zokuhamba. Ngokhuphiswano oluvuthayo kwi-Auto Lands kunye nenkqubo yophuhliso lwemizi mveliso, amashishini akhokelayo kwishishini sele eqalile ukukhuthaza ubuchule obufana nokuqhuba ukhuphiswano olwenziweyo. Ngokutsho koPhando lweMarike yeZakhiwo, imakethi yemoto engenayo yehlabathi ifikelela kwi- $ 9.55 yezigidigidi ngo-2019, kwaye kulindeleke ukuba imakethi yemoto yehlabathi ingena kwi-55.6 yezigidigidi. Kwangoko iqaqanjelwe ngenkulungwane yama-21, iinkampani ezininzi kwihlabathi liphela zapapasha ifom yokuqala yeemoto ezingenakuqhuba, kwaye zasebenzisa iimveliso kwiimeko ezininzi zesicelo ezifana ne-jams yetrafikhi, kunye necandelo elinzima. Iimoto ezingenamsebenzi zihlalutya iimeko zendlela ngenkqubo yokuvala ibhodi, sebenzisa ikhompyuter yelifu kwiindlela ezicwangcisiweyo ukulawula indawo yokufikelela kwindawo oya kuyo, enobuchule obuphazamisekileyo kwishishini lemoto.
Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, i-shacman imveliso yelori yelori, iFAW Jiefang, ishishini elinzima le-Sany kunye namanye amashishini akhokelayo, kwaye ixesha le-Inufria liphezulu, kwaye utyando lunzima ngakumbi. Ngokweenkcukacha-mali ezingaphelelanga, i-China ifikile ngaphezulu kweeprojekthi zokungena ezingenamsebenzi, ezigubungela imigodi engeyiyo amalahle, imigodi yentsimbi kunye nezinye iimeko, kwaye isebenza ngaphezu kwezithuthi ezingama-300. Ukuhamba kwelori yokungasebenzi kwiindawo ezinemigodi kuphucula ukusebenza kweenkonzo zemigodi kunye nokuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lwabasebenzi, kunye nenqanaba lokungena kwetekhnoloji yelori kwixesha elizayo, ukukhuthaza uphuhliso oluphezulu lweshishini.
Iposi: Oct-12 ukuya ku-1223
